Central state · level 2
Research & higher education
Research & higher education
- National (€/yr)
- 31.3 bn€
- Per inhabitant (€/mo)
- 38 €/mo
Click to open the breakdown
- Higher education programmes and university research19 €/mo
- Multidisciplinary scientific and technological research10 €/mo
- Student life4 €/mo
- Space research2 €/mo
- Research in sustainable energy, development and mobility2 €/mo
- Agricultural higher education and research1 €/mo
- Research and higher education in economic and industrial affairs0 €/mo
- Dual-use research (civilian and military)0 €/mo
Key figures to remember
~12 million pupils
in public schools 2023-2024 (primary + secondary), plus ~3 M students in public higher education.
Source: DEPP RERS 2024~1.1 million teachers
paid by the State (primary + secondary + higher). Largest public-sector employer in France.
Source: DEPP RERS 2024~€9,500 / pupil / yr
average spend per pupil (DIE, domestic education spending), all levels and all sources combined (State + local).
Source: DEPP RERS 2024