Education and research

Key figures to remember

• ~12 million pupils

  in public schools 2023-2024 (primary + secondary), plus ~3 M students in public higher education.

  Source: DEPP RERS 2024

• ~1.1 million teachers

  paid by the State (primary + secondary + higher). Largest public-sector employer in France.

  Source: DEPP RERS 2024

• ~€9,500 / pupil / yr

  average spend per pupil (DIE, domestic education spending), all levels and all sources combined (State + local).

  Source: DEPP RERS 2024